Boxing Amateur

World Boxing Association

The World Boxing Association (WBA) was founded in 1921 as the National Boxing Association (NBA)—a national regulating body of the United States. On August 23, 1962, the NBA became the WBA—a Venezuelan-based worldwide regulating body, which today has its head office in Panama. According to WBA championship rules, when a champion holds at least one title of one of the other three major sanctioning bodies, the boxer is granted special recognition: he is called the undisputed world champion and is given more time between mandatory title defences. The “regular” WBA world title is vacated if it is one of the titles the respective boxer holds. When a boxer defends his WBA title for the fifth consecutive time, he is normally granted the “WBA Super Belt”.

World Boxing Council

The World Boxing Council (WBC) was founded in Mexico City, Mexico on February 14, 1963 in order to establish an international regulating body. The WBC established many of today’s safety measures in boxing, such as the standing eight-count, a limit of 12 rounds instead of 15, and additional weight classes. In its discretion, the WBC may designate and recognize, upon a two-thirds majority vote of their Board of Governors, one or more emeritus world champions in each weight class. Such a recognition is for life and is only bestowed upon present or past WBC world champions. The following boxers have earned the Emeritus Championship appellation throughout their careers: Lennox Lewis, Vitali Klitschko, Bernard Hopkins, Floyd Mayweather Jr, Kostya Tszyu, Manny Pacquiao, Érik Morales, and Édgar Sosa.

In September 2009, the WBC created its new “Diamond Championship”. This belt was created as an honorary championship exclusively to award the winner of a historic fight between two high-profile boxers. The inaugural Diamond Belt was awarded on November 14, 2009 to Manny Pacquiao who won his seventh weight division world title via 12th round technical knockout over Miguel Ángel Cotto at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.

International Boxing Federation

The International Boxing Federation (IBF) originated in September 1976 as the United States Boxing Association (USBA) when American members of the WBA withdrew in order to legitimize boxing in the United States with “unbiased” ratings. In April 1983, the organization established an international division that was known as the United States Boxing Association-International (USBA-I). In May 1984, the New Jersey-based USBA-I was renamed and became the IBF.

World Boxing Organization

The World Boxing Organization (WBO) was founded in San Juan, Puerto Rico (which is a self-governing commonwealth of the United States) in 1988. Its motto is “dignity, democracy, honesty.” A boxer may be considered for designation for “Super Champion” status when he meets the criteria under Section 14 of WBO Regulations. Besides the beltholders that are called “Super Champion” by the WBO, there are some more fighters that have been named “WBO Super Champion” like Bernard Hopkins, Óscar De La Hoya, Juan Díaz, Marco Antonio Barrera, Joe Calzaghe, Kelly Pavlik. Some media sites do not include the WBO in their list of champions, whereas others do.

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These current world boxing championships are a elements for measuring the boxing level as sport and professional job, even for sports betting.

Professional boxing is a dramatic sport, where two athletes, hopefully of equal training and abilities attempt to match skills in the confines of a roped ring. The abilities I speak of are in part a question of physical preparation. Taken into account are the attributes of coordination, stance, balance, and stamina, to provide a few examples. Mental strengths are also essential, and in fact, most every elite boxing coach I know has indicated that they are telling of ring performance.

In success, the mentally and emotionally well prepared boxer dictates the pace of the bout, controls the center of the ring, and yes, he also controls the opponent’s tactics. The control by one athlete in boxing often comes at the expense of the other. In terms of sport psychology practice, the exerting of control often originates from the selected mental strengths that Peterson and Seligman (2000) refer to within their taxonomy as optimistic thought, persistence, courage, and confidence.

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WBA Junior Middleweight champion Yuri Foreman will defend his title belt against former Welterweight champion Miguel Cotto on HBO boxing, June 5, 2010 at the New York Yankees Baseball Stadium. Miguel Cotto (34-2, 27 KOs) is coming off a devastating 12th round TKO loss to current pound-for-pound king, Manny “Pacman” Pacquiao, and is looking to salvage his boxing career by moving up to the 154-pound weight class and hiring legendary trainer Emmanuel Steward.

Cotto’s only has two losses on his record, but many scribes have written him off and believe the beatings he took from Antonio Margarito and Manny Pacquiao have taken too much out of the 29-year old Puerto Rican. Cotto looks to prove those skeptics wrong by winning a title in a third weight division. WBA Junior Middleweight champion Yuri Foreman, 29, is the first Jewish boxing champion in over 25 years, and is currently undefeated with a record of (28-0, 8 KOs). This will be Yuri Foreman’s first time heading a Main Event on a big stage against a big name opponent.

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The referee is the key to safety in the boxing ring.  They are the closest to the action and will most likely be able to perceive quickly if a boxer is hurt.  The referee will adhere to all of the items listed in “Rule 10” of the Intramural Boxing Manual, plus notes for referees.  It must be emphasized that the rules are outlined are absolute.  In no way will referees allow cadets to deviate from these rules.  Referees should be cadets who are ineligible to box in intramurals due to their experience level and can be underclassmen.  Underclassmen that serve as referees will receive IM credit. All referees will be trained and certified by the Director of Fourth ClassBoxing.  Referees will adhere to the following:

a.  The referee will stop the bout at any time he feels that a boxer can no longer

adequately defend himself.  The boxer does not have to be knocked down for the referee to stop the match.  It is strictly a judgment factor and the referee may stop the match at any time. Referees are encouraged to seek assistance from the DPE trainers and DPE Sport educators at ringside when determining if a ROC should be stopped.

b.  The referee will ask for advice from the DPE Sport Educator if there is a question concerning any aspect of a ROC that may affect the safety of the participants.

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As I look back through the decades of amateur boxing history of the BC Golden Gloves from 1939 to 2009, there have been many BC Golden Boys such as two time Golden Boy Dick Findlay and three time BC Junior Golden Boy Cliff Ballendine.  But, neither of them and many more are in any boxing or sports hall of fame.

As I look back through the decades of amateur boxing history of the BC Diamond Belt tournaments in the Fifties and  Sixties in Vancouver  or the revival of the tournament at Victoria in 1980, there have been many Diamond Boys such as Vancouver Firefighters Boxing Club’s  Dave Wylie in 1967 and Victoria’s Gary Robinson in 1980.  But, neither of them and many more are in any boxing or sports hall of fame.

As I look back through the decades of amateur boxing history of the British Columbia amateur boxing clubs, past and present, there are and have been many clubs of distinction that have contributed to the success of Amateur Boxing in British Columbia in a variety of ways.  There was the London Boxing Club of Victoria that hosted a Vancouver Island Amateur Boxing Championship in 1964, hosted club cards that featured the 1964 Olympic Games boxer Fred Desrosiers, and hosted a 1976 BC Selects vs NW England junior boxing tournament that included 1984 Olympic bronze medal winner Dale Walters.  There is the Nanaimo Boxing Club that revived boxing in Nanaimo in 1971 by Dan Wright and Brian Zelley, had the first Canadian senior boxing champion Jack Snaith (1973) since 1967 when Bill Taylor of the London Boxing Club was champion.   There was the  North West Eagles Boxing Club that  hosted many of the BC Bronze Gloves tournaments in the Sixties for junior novice boxers, produced various Canadian champions such as Chris Ius and Les Hamilton under the direction of head coach Elio Ius and coaches Mel Ius and Terry Cooke, and allowed there gym to be used by Muhammed Ali and George Chuvalo, Manuel Gonzalez and Clyde Gray in 1972 before a major pro boxing show.  There have been many other boxing clubs scattered throughout British Columbia but they are not included in any boxing or sports hall of fame.

Throughout the decades there have been many excellent officials and regional amateur boxing commissioners such as Vancouver Island’s Bert Wilkinson (Sixties), Howard Curling (Seventies) and Rick Brought (Eighties) but their  names are not mentioned or listed on any boxing or sports hall of fame.

Over the years, some folks have been inducted into a  Provincial Sports Hall of Fame such as Harold Mann and Bert Lowes (BC) or Eddie Haddad (Manitoba), but there are many deserving individuals, teams and clubs that are worthy of such recognition such as the British Columbia senior boxing team of 1970, but they appear to be forgotten memories of a few.

The British Columbia Amateur Boxing Association (Boxing BC) has the provincial responsibility to ensure the proper organization, education and growth in the sport.  To understand true education should not be to limit the learning to coaches and officials clinics but to educate the members and general public of the history of the sport of amateur boxing in British Columbia.   The establishment of a BC AMATEUR BOXING HALL OF FAME would provide an important public relations opportunity and recognize some of the many past boxers, coaches, officials, and other builders, and members of the sports news media. Buy online ticket with payday advance

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A new Swedish research shows that blows to the head in amateur boxing provoke severe brain damage. “Despite the high prevalence of brain damage as a result of professional boxing, until now there has been little information on the possible risks for brain injury in amateur
boxing,” said study author Dr. Max Hietala, with Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg.

The researchers employed lumbar puncture to see if there were higher amounts of biochemical markers pointing to brain injury in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of 14 amateur boxers. The fighters were checked after a fight and a second time three months after a pause without boxing. 10 healthy men that did not practice box were used for control.

The research team detected in the CSF high amounts of neuronal and glial markers showing brain damage after the fight. Neurofilament light (NFL), a marker for neuronal damage, was four fold higher in boxers in the first 10 days following the fight compared to control subjects.

These high marker amounts turned back to normal only after the three months pause. These abnormal levels following a boxing match were much higher among those amateur fighters who had received over 15 high impact hits to the head.

This category was found to present 7-8 times more NFL-levels post fight than their own levels after the three-months pause. “Repeated hits to the head are potentially damaging to the central nervous system, and our results suggest CSF-analysis could be used for medical counseling of athletes after boxing or head injury,” said Hietala.

When the same analyses were made on soccer players, who head the ball repeatedly from long and high goal kicks, there were no raised levels of brain trauma markers in cerebrospinal fluid. “This data shows headings in soccer is not associated with any neurochemical evidence of brain damage,” said Hietala.